THE HUMAN BODY

THE HUMAN BODY

The human body is like a machine which can see, hear, taste smell, move, breathe, grow, etc. The human body is a puzzle for the researchers; because the human body is very complex in its formation. It shows very vast features for its survival.

The human body is made up by many tiny cells. These cells are of different kinds. Cells of the same kind join together to make tissue. Tissues join to make an organ. Many organs together form an organ system. Different organ systems together make up the human body. They work together to help us perform the many different activities that we do in a day.

Sense Organs

Our sense organs help us to learn about the world around us. The eyes, the ears, the nose, the tongue and the skin are our main sense organs.

The sense organs are connected to the brain through nerves. They receive signals from the surroundings which they pass on to the brain. The brain makes us understand our surroundings and tell us to react accordingly.

Organ Systems

Skeletal System

Our body is

Skeletal System

made up of 206 bones. These bones are interconnected with muscles and joints. The bones, muscles and the joints together make up the skeletal system.

Functions

·        It helps the body to stand, walk and carry out all other forms of movement. It gives the body a proper shape.

Nervous System

This system consists of the brain, the spinal cord and the nerves. The nervous system acts as the control center which controls the actions like seeing, hearing, walking

and learning.

The nervous system detects environmental changes that impact the body and then works in alignment with the endocrine system to respond the events.

Digestive System

The process by which we take in food is called ingestion. The process by which the ingested food is broken down in the body into smaller substances is called digestion.

Whenever we smell or hear about our favourite

food, our mouth begins to water. This water in our mouth is called saliva. The food in our mouth mixes with saliva and softens. This is broken down by the teeth. The food then travels down the food pipe into the stomach where it is digested.

It is then passed into the small intestine where it is further digested and finally the nutrients are absorbed to be carried to all parts of the body. The waste food is then passed to the large intestine and then out of the body through the anus.

Respiratory System

We breathe in oxygen through our nose. It travels through the windpipe into the lungs. The nose, the windpipe and the lungs make up the respiratory system. Breathing in of air is called inhalation and breathing out of air is called

exhalation.

The hair present at the opening of the nose prevents dust and germs from entering into the body.

Circulatory System

The circulatory system is an organ system that helps to transport substances inside our body. This system consists of heart, blood, and blood vessels.

Heart is a muscular organ that pumps blood to all parts of the body.

Blood is a fluid that is carried by blood vessels to all parts of the body. It forms a medium through which nutrients, water, oxygen, carbon dioxide, and water products are transported inside our body.

Blood vessels are thin tubes that run through the entire body to transport blood. Arteries, veins, and capillaries are the three types of blood vessels.

Excretory System

The human body produces waste like urine, sweat, etc., that has to be removed from the body for its proper functioning. This is done by the excretory system. The sweat is removed by the skin. The kidneys remove waste from the blood and form urine. This urine is stored in the urinary bladder and comes

out through the urethra. Urine contains harmful waste products formed inside the body.

Exercise and Rest

The body as we have learnt is made up of many muscles. It is important to exercise these muscles to keep them fit and healthy.

Jogging, yoga and playing in fresh air rejuvenates our body. This also keeps our mind active and energized. It is also important to give our body

sufficient rest. We must sleep for 6 to 8 hours every day. Ti is a good habit to sleep and to wake up at the same time every day.

Posture

The position of our body while sitting and standing is called posture. It is very important to maintain a good posture at all times to keep our body fit and active.

·      

  We must stand with our back straight.

·        We must stand with our feet flat on the ground.

·        We should not lean while standing.

·        We should sit straight. We should not bend forward or slouch while sitting.

FOOD

To live a good life it is very important to take healthy foods. By maintaining the daily meal with protein, carbohydrates, fats, vitamins and minerals make the body to be able for a good life.