ABOUT INDIA
India is the seventh largest country in the world. It
has over one billion people living in it. It is the second most populous
country in the world. India became independent from British rule on 15th
August, 1947. This meant that independence gave us the right to choose our own
government.
A country is run by its government. The government
looks after the welfare of the country and its people. It makes sure that its
people are safe and sure. It also makes sure that their basic needs are met.
In India, we have a Central Government. The officers
of the Central Government are in Delhi. The President, the Vice- President, the
Prime Minister and other ministers all live and work in Delhi.
India is a big country. It is hard for the Central
Government to take care of everyone. So, India is divided into smaller areas
are called states. Every state has its own State Government.
There are 28 states in our country. Every state has
its own capital. Every state has its own capital. Every state has its own
government that consists of a Governor, Chief Minister, other Ministers and officers.
They live and work in the state capital. There are small areas in India that
are run directly by the Central Government. These are called Union Territories.
At present India has 8 Union Territories.
Delhi is a Union Territory. Since Delhi is our
Capital, it is also called the National Capital Territory. The Union
Territories have their own local government. But the Central Government helps
them to run.
India has many different climate zones and landforms. Its
people living in different parts of the country speak different languages and
follow their own customs and culture. But together we are like one big family.
The 28 Indian States and their Capitals are as
follows:
1)
ANDHRA PRADESH – HYDERABAD (proposed
capital AMARAVATI)
2)
UTTAR PRADESH – LUCKNOW
3)
UTTARAKHAND – DEHRADUN (winter) GAIRSAIN
(summer)
4)
BIHAR – PATNA
5)
JHARKHAND – RANCHI
6)
WEST BENGAL – KOLKATA
7)
RAJASTHAN – JAIPUR
8)
PUNJAB – CHANDIGARH
9)
HARYANA – CHANDIGARH
10)
MADHYA PRADESH – BHOPAL
11)
MAHARASHTRA – MUMBAI
12)
TAMIL NADU – CHENNAI
13)
TELENGANA – HYDERABAD
14)
ODISHA – BHUBANESWAR
15)
SIKKIM – GANGTOK
16)
HIMACHAL PRADESH – SHIMLA
17)
GUJARAT – GANDHINAGAR
18)
ASSAM – DISPUR
19)
ARUNACHAL PRADESH – ITANAGAR
20)
MANIPUR – IMPHAL
21)
MEGHALAYA – SHILLONG
22)
MIZORAM – AIZAWL
23)
NAGALAND – KOHIMA
24)
TRIPURA – AGARTALA
25)
GOA – PANAJI
26)
CHHATTISGARH – RAIPUR
27)
KARNATAKA – BENGALURU
28)
KERALA – THIRUVANANTHAPURAM
The Union Territories and their Capitals are as
follows:
1)
ANDAMAN AND NICOBAR ISLANDS – PORT BLAIR
2)
CHANDIGARH – CHANDIGARH
3)
DADRA AND NAGAR HAVELI , DAMAN AND DIU –
DAMAN
4)
DELHI – NEW DELHI
5)
JAMMU AND KASHMIR – SRINAGAR (summer)
JAMMU (winter)
6)
LAKSHADWEEP – KAVARATTI
7)
PUDUCHERRY – PONDICHERRY
8)
LADAKH – LEH
The NATIONAL BIRD of INDIA is
INDIAN PEAFOWL.
The NATIONAL ANIMAL of INDIA is
TIGER.
The NATIONAL FRUIT of INDIA is
MANGO.
The NATIONAL VEGETABLE of INDIA
is PUMPKIN.
The NATIONAL DISH of INDIA is
KHICHDI.
The NATIONAL SPICE of INDIA is
TURMERIC.
The NATIONAL BEVERAGE of INDIA is
LASSI.
The NATIONAL SWEET of INDIA is
LADDU.
The NATIONAL SPORT of INDIA is
HOCKEY.
The NATIONAL DANCE of INDIA is
BHARATNATYAM.
The NATIONAL INSTRUMENT of INDIA
is VEENA VINA.
The NATIONAL FLOWER of INDIA is
LOTUS.
The NATIONAL FLAG of INDIA is TIRANGA.
The NATIONAL TREE of INDIA is
BANYAN TREE.
The NATIONAL ANTHEM of INDIA is
JANA GANA MANA.
The NATIONAL SONG of INDIA is
VANDE MATARAM.
The NATIONAL EMBLEM of INDIA is
LION CAPITAL OF ASHOKA.
The NATIONAL MOTTO of INDIA is
SATYAMEVA JAYATE.
The NATIONAL DAYS of INDIA is
INDEPENDENCE DAY and REPUBLIC DAY.
The NATIONAL CURRENCY of INDIA is
RUPEE.
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