Skip to main content

FEATURES OF 73RD AND 74TH CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT ACT

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE 73RD CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT ACT

The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act has been passed to remove the lapses in the Panchayati Raj system of India. The Assam Panchayat Act of 1994 was passed by the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act. The following are the main features of the 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act;

1)  There shall be a Gaon Sabha comprising of persons registered in electoral rolls.

2)  There shall be a three-tier system consisting of village, intermediate and district levels.

3)  The members of Panchayati Raj institutions shall be directly elected. However, the election in respect of the post of Chair persons at intermediate level and district level shall be indirect.

4)  There shall be reservations of Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribes in proportion to their population at each level. Not less than 1/3 of total member of seats shall be reserved for women.

5)  The state legislature may by law authorize Panchayats to levy and collect taxes or assign it such taxes, duties, tolls collected by the state government. The Panchayats shall receive grant-in-aid from the consolidated fund of the state.

6)  A Finance Commission shall be constituted by the Governor to review financial position of the Panchayats and recommend distribution of funds, between the state and the Panchayats.

7)  The 73rd Constitutional Amendment Act has granted the Panchayati Raj institutions a constitutional status.

8)  It has brought about uniformity in the Panchayati Raj system by making three-tier system a permanent feature.

9)  This Act has given financial autonomy to the Panchayats.

10)                  It has made provisions for regularity of Panchayat elections.

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE MUNICIPALITIES AFTER THE PASSING OF 74TH AMENDMENT ACT

1)  Constitution of 3 types of municipalities; Nagar Panchayat for fast urbanizing rural areas, Municipal Council for smaller urban areas and Municipal corporations for larger urban areas.

2)  Fixed 5 years term and continuity of operation for municipalities.

3)  Appointment of an Election Commission in each state for conducting local elections to the institutions of local government.

4)  Appointment of a Finance Commission for local government.

5)  Constitution of metropolitan and district planning committees in each year.

6)  Provision for reservation of seats for Schedule Caste, Schedule Tribes, Other Backward Classes and women.

7)  Provision for reservation of seats of public offices for Schedule Caste, Schedule Tribes and women.

After the passing of the 74th Amendment Act all the states of union were to enact or amend their respective municipal acts. This work was accomplished by 1994. The urban local government institutions in all states were organized in their new forms with effect from 1994.

The ‘Eleventh Schedule’ of the Constitution was added and in enumerated 29 subjects which were to be within the jurisdiction of Panchayats.

Election to the Panchayats:

The superintendence, direction and control of the preparation of electoral rolls and for the conduct of all elections to the Panhayats all are vested in a State Election Commission consisting of a State Election Commissioner to be appointed by the Governor. The office of the State Election Commissioner is autonomous like the Election Commissioner of India.

State Finance Commission:

Each state is to constitute a Finance Commission after every five years. It is to review the financial position of Panchayats and make recommendations regarding the distribution of revenue between the state and the Panchayats.

 

 

 


Labels:

Comments

Post a Comment

Popular posts from this blog

THE PHYSICAL DIVISIONS OF INDIA

The Physical Divisions of India Every land has its own features and speciality. The Physical Divisions of India   Every country is divided into regions on the basis of certain similar physical features. For example, a country could be divided into a region made up of mountains, another of plains, and yet another of plateaus. India is a vast land with wide range of physical features. There are mountains, ocean, desert, in this region. The physical features of India range from the mighty mountains of the Himalayas to the fertile plains of the north India; from the plateaus of the Deccan to the eastern and western coastal plains; and from the dry deserts of Rajasthan to the wet hills of Arunachal Pradesh. Geographers usually divide India into six major physical divisions.   ·          The Great Northern Mountains ·         The Northern Plains ·         The Peninsular Plateau ...
Post a Comment
Read more

A few lines about India and its Neighbours

India and Its Neighbours India is a vast country with its mountains, plateaus and plains. It is the seventh largest and the second most populous country in the world. From north to south, India stretches across about 3,200 kilometres, and from east to west it stretches about 3,000 kilometres. It is surrounded by water on three sides – the Arabian Sea in the west, the Bay of Bengal in the east and the Indian Ocean in the south. To its north are the high mountain ranges – the Himalayas . The physical divisions of India are divided into six divisions – the Northern Mountains, the Northern Plains, the Great Indian Desert, the Peninsular Plateau, the Coastal Plains and the Islands. The Northern Mountains include the Himalayas. The Northern Plains lie to the south of the Northern Mountains. The Great Indian Desert which is also known as the Thar Desert, is in the north-western part of India. The Peninsular Plateau lies to the south of the Northern Plains and extends till Kanni...
Post a Comment
Read more

HOLI

About the colorful festival – Holi Holi the festival of colors Holi is a popular festival to all age people in India. It is a traditional Hindu festival which means festival of colors. It is the festival of color and love, as well as the triumph of good over evil. It is meant for the end of winter and the beginning of spring and takes place over two days. It is a festival of spring which always falls on Purnima, or the day of the full moon. Holi has been celebrated in the Indian subcontinent for centuries and it is still widely celebrated as a religious festival. It is celebrated in many places around the world. Holi goes on for a night and a day, beginning on the night of the Purnima falling in the month of Phalguna, which falls somewhere close to the finish of the month February and the center of March. The primary night is also known as Holika Dahan or Chhoti Holi and the next day is popular as Holi or Rangwali Holi. HOLIKA DAHAN Holika Dahan is celebrated by burning H...
Post a Comment
Read more