SALIENT FEATURES OF THE CONSTITUTION OF INDIA WRITTEN CONSTITUTION : In a federation, there should be a written Constitution. The written Constitution is very essential for a federal so that whenever there is any dispute between the federal government and the federating units, it can be used as an evidence. LARGEST CONSTITUTION: In sheer physical terms, the Constitution of India is definitely the largest, bulkiest and most detailed Constitution in the world. As originally passed, it contained 395 Articles and 8 Schedules. Presently, it consists of a Preamble, about 395 Articles (divided into 22 Parts) and 12 Schedules.   SOVEREIGN, DEMOCRATIC AND REPUBLIC: A sovereign nation is initially supreme and independent of any outside control. The word ‘socialist’ aims at the establishment of an egalitarian society in India. The term ‘secular’ means a state which has no official religion.   PARLIAMENTARY TYPE OF GOVERNMENT: In a parliamentary type of government, the head of...

Add caption IMPORTANT PROVISIONS OF IPC IPC Sec-34: Acts done by several persons in furtherance of common intension. When a Criminal act is done by several people in furtherance of the common intension of all, each of such persons are liable for that act in the same manner as if it were done by him alone. IPC Sec-82: Act of any child under 7 years of age. Nothing is an offence which is done by a child under 7 years of age.   IPC Sec-85: Act of a person incapable of judgement by reason of intoxication caused against his will. Nothing is an which is done by a person who at the time of doing it is, by reason of intoxication, in capable of knowing the nature of the act, or that he is doing what is either wrong, or contrary to law, provided that the thing which intoxicated him was administered to him without his knowledge or against his will.   IPC Sec-149: Every member of unlawful assembly guilty of offence committed in Prosecution of common object. If an offence is c...

ELECTION COMMISSION OF INDIA The Election Commission of India is an autonomous, quasi-judicial constitutional body of India. Its mission is to conduct free and fair elections in India. It was established on 25 th January, 1950 under Article 324 of the Constitution of India. STRUCTURE OF ELECTION COMMISSION: The Commission presently consists of a chief Election Commissioner and two Election Commissioners, appointed by the President. The Chief Election Commissioner can be removed from his office by Parliament with 2/3 majority in LOK SABHA and RAJYA SABHA on the ground of proved misbehavior or incapacity. Other Election Commission can be removed by the President on the recommendation of the Chief Election Commissioner. Salary of Chief Commissioner is same as of Justice of Supreme Court of India. All three Commissioners have same right of taking a decision. Tenure of Election Commissioners is 6 years or up to 65 years of age whichever is earlier. The Election Commission shall h...

SALIENT FEATURES OF THE 73 RD CONSTITUTIONAL AMENDMENT ACT The 73 rd Constitutional Amendment Act has been passed to remove the lapses in the Panchayati Raj system of India. The Assam Panchayat Act of 1994 was passed by the 73 rd Constitutional Amendment Act. The following are the main features of the 73 rd Constitutional Amendment Act; 1)   There shall be a Gaon Sabha comprising of persons registered in electoral rolls. 2)   There shall be a three-tier system consisting of village, intermediate and district levels. 3)   The members of Panchayati Raj institutions shall be directly elected. However, the election in respect of the post of Chair persons at intermediate level and district level shall be indirect. 4)   There shall be reservations of Schedule Caste and Schedule Tribes in proportion to their population at each level. Not less than 1/3 of total member of seats shall be reserved for women. 5)   The state legislature may by law au...

L EGISLATIVE COUNCIL At present, 5 states of the Indian Union have bi-cameral legislature, they are Bihar, Karnataka, Maharashtra, Uttar Pradesh, Jammu and Kashmir. The Upper House or second chamber of the state legislature is called the Legislative Council. The composition of it is laid down in Article 171 of the Constitution. COMPOSITION: The Constitution provides that the total strength of the Legislative Council must not be less than 40 and not more than 1/3 of the total strength of the Legislative Assembly of the state. The Parliament has the power to create a Legislative Council or abolish it after a resolution to this effect is passed by the Legislative Assembly of the state. The members of the Legislative Council are indirectly elected by means of proportional representation with a single transferable vote system. 1)   1/3 members are elected by the Legislative Assembly from amongst persons who are not its members; 2)   1/3 members are elected by the ...

THE PRIME MINISTER OF INDIA Prime Minister leads a very major role in a country like India. In a Parliamentary form of government the Prime Minister is the leader of the Council of Ministers. His office is based on Article 74 of the Constitution of India. Article 75(1) says that the Prime Minister shall be appointed by the President. He is bound to appoint the leader of the majority party in the LOK SABHA as the Prime Minister of India. The Prime Minister must be a member of the Parliament. If he is not a member of the Parliament at the time of his appointment, he must be so within a period of six months from the date of taking over charge as Prime Minister. The Prime Minister has no fixed term of office. He remains in his office, so long he is supported by the majority of the members of the LOK SABHA. The majority of the members of the LOK SABHA by passing a vote of ‘no confidence’ against the Prime Minister, may bring his fall. The Council of Ministers falls with the death or r...